How Does Linux Boot Process Work?
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The Linux boot process consists of several steps, which can vary depending on the distribution and hardware configuration. Generally speaking, these are the essential steps: 1. The bootloader starts the boot process and loads the Linux kernel into memory.
2. The kernel performs hardware initialization, including configuring the system clock, and sets up the interrupt and exception handling.
3. The kernel mounts a root filesystem and loads the system libraries and drivers necessary for the system to run properly.
4. The kernel launches the systemd init process, which begins the user–space boot sequence.
5. Systemd mounts additional filesystems, sets up user accounts, loads system services and daemons, and starts any configured daemons or services.
6. Systemd starts the graphical user interface (GUI) if the system is configured to boot with one.
7. The user logins into the system and can begin using it.