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What Does An Ip Address Tell You?
What Does an Ip Address Tell You? Answer: Internet protocol (IP) tells about the area code of your ISP, the city, ZIP code, your ISP’s name. in short it tells about your name of ISP and your physical location. Internet protocol address: Internet protocol is a unique number that recognizes an interneRead more
What Does an Ip Address Tell You?
Answer:
Internet protocol (IP) tells about the area code of your ISP, the city, ZIP code, your ISP’s name. in short it tells about your name of ISP and your physical location.
Internet protocol address:
Internet protocol is a unique number that recognizes an internet device such as a router, laptop, and smartphone that helps to transfer the information from the internet to your device. The IP address is provided by the internet service provider or ISP. Through IP addresses it is possible to differentiate billions of internets using devices. Anything included in an internet connection has a unique internet protocol (IP) address. Home devices use routers provided by ISP. Routers are the device that is used to receive and send data between the internet and the devices.
The IP address has set some rules for formatting the data over the internet. Through a set of protocols or proper guidance, devices exchange information. it is coordinated with (IANA) Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
Types of IP addresses:
Every internet enables device has its IP address but all IP addresses are reachable to the public. Through the router, the IP address is shared with the internet. Routers are like a front door to the world.
Versions of IP address:
There are two versions of IP addresses that are now used today.
Information provided by IP address:
Every time you use the internet to send an email or to watch Netflix you have to share your IP address. When you enter something into the search engine it collects data such as your IP address. Never two IP addresses are the same just like fingerprints and same as fingerprints you leave traces behind when you search on the internet. This IP address tells who you are where you are and what you do on the internet. Geographically these IP addresses are assigned like phone number codes, the primary thing an IP address tells us about your location. It can portray the individual interest and activities includes
- Based on the website’s personal interest
- Online services
- Physically visited location.
See lessWhat Type Of Hardening Is Multifactor Authentication?
What Type of Hardening Is Multifactor Authentication? MPA is a security technology that needs multiple types or methods of authentication from categories of independent to the user login identity or transactions. Multifactor authentication combined two or more two authorities that are independent sRead more
What Type of Hardening Is Multifactor Authentication?
MPA is a security technology that needs multiple types or methods of authentication from categories of independent to the user login identity or transactions. Multifactor authentication combined two or more two authorities that are independent such as the password the users know and the second is a security token that the user has and what the user is by utilizing biometric verification methods.
Aims of multifactor Authentication:
The main purpose of (MPA) multifactor authentication is to make a defense layer that makes it harder for an unauthorized user to attack the target. Such as computing devices, networks, databases, and physical locations. If one factor is broken the attackers still have one or more barriers to cross before getting into the target.
Importance:
The biggest drawback of the traditional user ID and password is that these can easily be compromised. Brute-force attacks are also real warnings, the attackers use password cracking tools to use various combinations of passwords or usernames to find the right sequence. After a trial of guessing the password number of times, the account is locked it also helps protect the organization but still, attackers have various methods to access the system. That is the main reason multifactor authentication helps to decrease security risk.
Multi-factor authentication methods:
For verification of identity, an authentication factor is used it is the category of credentials. Additional factors are added in MPA to increase the assurance like requesting access is who or what and what did it say. This process makes hackers’ jobs difficult. The three-authentication factor that you know is,
By combining two or more factors from these types is how multifactor authentication works.
knowledge factor:
This type of authentication requires the user to answer the security question which are personals like password, PINS (four-digit personal identification numbers), and OTPs (one-time password).
Possession factor:
In this authentication, users have specific in their possession to log in like a token, (SIM) phone subscriber identity module card, token, and badge.
Inherence factor:
For login, users have a biological trait-like biometric verification method.
- Fingerprint scan
- Hands geometry
- Facial recognition
- Earlobe geometry
See lessWhat Is Configuration Management In Distribution?
What Is Configuration Management in Distribution? Configuration management (CM) is a procedure or action to maintain the computer systems, software, and servers in the desired state. It is the method to make the sure system works properly as it is expected to make some changes over time. Manage theRead more
What Is Configuration Management in Distribution?
Configuration management (CM) is a procedure or action to maintain the computer systems, software, and servers in the desired state. It is the method to make the sure system works properly as it is expected to make some changes over time.
Manage the configuration of the IT system involves a desired state of a system like configuration servers for maintaining and building the system. Configuration management uses both configuration assessments and drifts analysis to identify system updates, patches, or reconfiguring.
Manage configuration:
A configuration management system that keeps you from making large and small changes in undocumented. Misconfiguration made poor performance, negative impact on business operation and insecurity, inconsistencies. It will cause instability and downtime when undocumented changes are made in the application or many systems. Manually system identification demands proper attention, determined steps and validation are complicated to perform on large scale. Without maintenance, documentation, and change control the system manager and software developers do not know which software is updated and what is on a server. Configuration management provides help to users and administrators to know the state of applications and where specific services exist.
Tools for proper configuration:
Benefits for configuration management:
The benefits of using configuration management are followed,
- It reduces the risk of security violation and breakdown in the system through visibility and by tracking the changes in the system.
- Reduction in cost by detailed knowledge of all the parts of the configuration.
- It avoids uneconomical duplication of your technology benefits.
- By detecting ad correcting improper configurations that have a negative impact on performance it improved the customer and staff experience.
- Greater speed and fast problem resolution.
- It provides high-quality service and reduces the cost of software engineering.
See lessWhat Is The Windows Host File?
What Is the Windows Host File? The window host file is an operating system that plans hostnames to IP addresses. It can cancel DNS and divert IP addresses or URLs to different locations. It is a simple text file. The manually maintained file is a HOSTS.TXT file and it is available through file-sharRead more
What Is the Windows Host File?
The window host file is an operating system that plans hostnames to IP addresses. It can cancel DNS and divert IP addresses or URLs to different locations. It is a simple text file. The manually maintained file is a HOSTS.TXT file and it is available through file-sharing by Stanford research institute for membership, comprises hostnames and addresses as involved in inclusion by member organizations. A traditional home internet user does not have a modified host file.
Due to many reasons, it is necessary to upgrade the host file in the computer to properly settle the website by its domain. After buying a new host domain name it allows people to publish or view content on the web immediately, or convert the previous domain into another internet service provider (ISP). During transfer to a new domain, there is a delay period in which the information of the domain spread on the internet and it is unavailable. If you want to update your file immediately do not wait for the spreading of domain information on the internet so by temporary work hard you can easily edit this on your computer.
window host file purpose:
The window host file is part of the operating system (IP) internet protocol application, it serves to translate the human hostname to a numeric protocol address called internet protocol addresses (IP). It helps to locate and identify a host in an internet protocol network. Host files assist network addressing nodes in a computer system. In some operating systems, the host file content is used in other name resolution methods like (DNS) domain name system, but most systems utilize service name switches for example Linux and Unix for customization. The host file is in direct control by the local computer administrator.
Applications:
The function of the host file is to solve the hostnames. It is also used to define the name of the domain or host for use in the local system.
- Redirect local domain.
- Security and privacy of software.
- Block internet resources.
See lessWhat Is Network Security Cyber Insurance?
What Is Network Security Cyber Insurance? Network security cyber insurance is also called cyber insurance and liability insurance it is a contract that entities can purchase to help decrease the financial risk related to online doing business. Insurance policy transfer risk to the insurer instead ofRead more
What Is Network Security Cyber Insurance?
Network security cyber insurance is also called cyber insurance and liability insurance it is a contract that entities can purchase to help decrease the financial risk related to online doing business. Insurance policy transfer risk to the insurer instead of paying monthly or quarterly fees. It is a new developing industry. Those companies which buy this cyber security insurance are regarded as early adopters. The policies related to cyber security insurance change from one month to the other to provide the flexible nature of risk associated with cyber. Insurance underwriters have limited data to work out risk models to know about insurance policy rates, coverage, and premiums.
Cyber insurance originated in (E&O) error and omission insurance. It is a different part of insurance that defend against defects and faults in the company’s service. it is similar to cyber security insurance or product liability policy that sells digital and physical products.
Importance:
The loss of electronic data has a negative impact on a business, it also includes the loss of customers and revenues. The business may be able to damage the holding by the third part data theft. Cyber security insurance is important to defend the business against cyber events including those related to terrorism.
Advantages:
In many countries, the cyber insurance market is small compared to other insurance products. When the impacts of cyber threats on people and businesses became broad as compared to the scope of protection provided by product insurance, insurance companies continue to provide their services.
Insurance firm payout on cyber loss and cyber threats, increase the cyber product purchase with a previous IT security service. It is very beneficial for large-scale security breaking. cyber security provides a smooth mechanism to overcome the major losses, decrease the need for government help, and help the businesses return to normal.
Types:
These are some types of cyber security insurance.
- Network security
- Forensic examination
- Extortion
- Data recovery
- Computer data loss and recovery
- Interruption in business.
See lessWhat Is Redistribute Connected In Bgp?
What Is Redistribute Connected in BGP? Most of the networks you experience will run only a single protocol such as OSPF or EIGRP. Maybe it is possible you can find the small old network that can still manage RIP and need to transfer to OSFP and EIGRP. In our network, there are multiple routing protoRead more
What Is Redistribute Connected in BGP?
Most of the networks you experience will run only a single protocol such as OSPF or EIGRP. Maybe it is possible you can find the small old network that can still manage RIP and need to transfer to OSFP and EIGRP. In our network, there are multiple routing protocols so we need some ways or methods to exchange information between protocols this process is called redistribution. We have to experience some issues like RIP use hop count, EIGRP utilizes k-values and OSFP is expensive these are not compatible with each other. When we exchange or imports protocol information from one protocol to another protocol it may create a routing loop this is the problem in redistribution.
Redistribution is not limited to routing protocols there are multiple options like:
Broader gateway protocol:
It is an external gateway protocol it’s a device to exchange information and routing in (AS) autonomous systems on the internet. Broader gateway protocol is categorized into path-vector routing protocol decisions about routing are based on the paths, rules set by the network administrator, and policies of the network. Internal BGP (IBGP) is the routing within the (AS) autonomous system while external Broader Gateway Protocol is the protocol on the internet application.
Working:
The neighbors of the Broader Gateway Protocol are known as peers and are confirmed by manual configuration between the routers to make TCP on 179 ports. Every 30 seconds the speaker of Broader Gateway Protocol sends 19-bytes keep-alive messages for the maintenance of the connection. TCP is used by Broader Gateway Protocol (BGP) as a transport protocol.
When BGP operates on the same autonomous system is called internal BGP while if it is operated on a different autonomous system is called external Broader Gateway Protocol. Border or edge routers in which routers on one boundary of autonomous import information to another autonomous system or in general External Broader Gateway protocol are directly connected. While internal BGP is connected via intermediate routers. The major difference between these two peering external and Internal Broader Gateway Protocols is the way in which they received information from one peer.
- New routes from external BGP are conveyed to both external and internal BGP peers.
- New routes from internal BGP are conveyed to all external BGP only.
See lessWhat Are Bad Actors Called In Cybersecurity?
What Are Bad Actors Called in Cybersecurity? Answer: Bad actors in cybersecurity mean it is attempting to break or violate computer security. It steals your computer data or attempts to shut down your computer system. You have to defend your computer from these bad actors by putting strong securityRead more
What Are Bad Actors Called in Cybersecurity?
Answer:
Bad actors in cybersecurity mean it is attempting to break or violate computer security. It steals your computer data or attempts to shut down your computer system. You have to defend your computer from these bad actors by putting strong security protocols.
Bad actors are also known as threats, malicious actors, and (CTA) cyber threat actors. According to the specific activity, they perform they are called cybercriminals and hacktivists. Bad actors are categorized into two types internal and external partners. In internal threat actors, there is some previously trust exists while in external threat partners there is no trust exists. Bad actors maybe work as an individual or in an organization. The incident occurs may be accidental or intentional and their purpose is to steal the information by malicious means.
External bad actors:
In terms of threat intelligence services, there is a primary issue about external bad actors not because it is most common but also due to their negative impact. Such threat actors are classified as advanced or commodities. In advanced bad actors, it targets an organization most commonly apply (APT) advanced persistent threat to gain entry to the network, it will remain undetected for a long time. While in commodity bad actors start broad-based attacks to hit on many targets.
Hacktivist is another kind of external threat actor. Hacktivist groups like anonymous use the same tools as cybercriminals to discover an unprotected website to gain access or take place (DDoS) denial-of-service attacks. The main purpose of hacktivists is to gain entry to sensitive information. It will have a negative impact on the brand, company, or organization.
Types of bad actors:
Bad actors are internal and external partners. External threats are more common. There are many types of bad actors based on their motivation and goals.
Cybercriminals:
Their goals and motives are for personal gain.
Hacktivists:
It disrupted the organization and expose secrets.
Insiders:
financial gain is their major goal.
Cyberterrorist:
Cyber terrorist is the terrorist that causes harm to the system.
Government:
Some threat actors are spies who try to find information for political gain.
See lessWhat It Mean When Your Computer Is Compromised?
What does It mean When Your Computer Is Compromised? Answer: A compromised computer is defined as one in which by a suspicious source the integrity, confidentiality, and availability are affected either intentionally or unintentionally is called as the compromised computer. Compromise in computers hRead more
What does It mean When Your Computer Is Compromised?
Answer:
A compromised computer is defined as one in which by a suspicious source the integrity, confidentiality, and availability are affected either intentionally or unintentionally is called as the compromised computer. Compromise in computers happens by direct interaction with suspicious or untrustful sources or by automation. Gaining access to a computer by the legitimate user or by breaking the attack force constitutes a compromise. The computer is compromised when the infection is caused by viruses, worms, trojans, and by other malicious software.
Symptoms:
When the computer is compromised there are some symptoms the computer shows as follows,
If a Denial-of-service attack on your computer system has (bot) programs it can be activated by intrudes at any time. Attack programs are hidden in directories, hidden in other programs, or camouflaged by nondescript names. It will change your computer system and very difficult to remove this.
Keystroke loggers are the most common way of malware in which when you type something into your keyboard is sent to another site including passwords, numbers, accounts, messages, and websites. Other malware includes programs like remote administration tools (in which it steals files or causes an attack on your system), in file servers (share plagiarized software, music, movies from your device. In this way, you can end up as theft or be sued for copyright.
Advanced worms and viruses use multiple ways to spreads like emails, links to a website, or by file sharing and unprotected computers. Antivirus software may be able not to detect these viruses and maybe not be able to fix them.
Preventions:
Denial-of-service attacks can be prevented by taking protocols including using a strong password and preventing any email pushing attempts. The additional four ways for prevention are,
- Check online setting
- Using two-factor authentication
- Check untrusted login
- Avoid remote access.
See lessWhat Is Subnet Id Used For?
What Is Subnet Id Used For? A subnet, also called a subnet, is the subdivision of a large network. Subnets are a partition in a large internet protocol network into the small segments of the network. Over the internet, data is sent from one computer to another by internet protocol (IP) methods. OneRead more
What Is Subnet Id Used For?
A subnet, also called a subnet, is the subdivision of a large network. Subnets are a partition in a large internet protocol network into the small segments of the network. Over the internet, data is sent from one computer to another by internet protocol (IP) methods. One IP address is a specific identifier for a host on every computer.
Most organizations have used subnetting to divide the larger network into smaller networks to achieve efficient subnetting. The purpose of this splitting or subdivision is to decrease the traffic. This way traffic does not use unnecessary routes to speed up.
Subnet mask:
Every computer device has a specific IP address with two parts one is the client address and the second one is the network or server address. It is configured manually (static IP address) or by the DHCP server. Subnet mask divides the internet protocol address into two parts host and server address. Which part belongs to the device or which one belongs to the network is defined by the subnet mask. The device part is called as default gateway its function is to connect local devices to other networks. It means that when the local device sends information to the device by IP address on another network first it sends to the gateway then the gateway sends data to its destination outside the local network.
Benefits:
subnetting or subnet has many benefits which include as follows,
Uses:
Subnets are used for,
It allows the organization to decrease the threats by isolating compromised sections of the network.
Relieve network congestion:
If the traffic is shared among the same group of computers using the same subnets reduces the traffic network Without a subnet, all computers on the network see another computer’s data packets.
Every class has a fixed number of hosts if an administrator works on a class B or C and wants to allocate 150 hosts for three physical networks in three different cities, they need to divide a large network into smaller subnets allowing the administrator to use one class block on multiple networks.
See lessWhat Are The Main Purposses Of Tunnel In Networking?
What Are the Main Purposes of Tunnel in Networking? Tunneling un computer network is a communication protocol it allows the transfer of data from one computer network to another network by utilizing encapsulation. In encapsulation the process in which it allows to send personal network communicationRead more
What Are the Main Purposes of Tunnel in Networking?
Tunneling un computer network is a communication protocol it allows the transfer of data from one computer network to another network by utilizing encapsulation. In encapsulation the process in which it allows to send personal network communication to the public network (like the internet). In tunneling, the traffic can be repacked into different forms but encryption conceals the nature of traffic through a tunnel.
Working:
Tunneling in a computer network works by utilizing the data of the payload (packets) to transfer the packet it provides the service. It uses the layered protocol such as TCP/IP and OSI protocol but it breaks the layering when using the payloads to transfer services not usually provided by the network. In layered model delivery protocol works at an equal or high level than the payload (packet) protocol.
Encapsulation:
All the packets use network protocols to get to their destinations. But all networks did not support all protocols. For example, the company wants to set (WAN) wide area network connecting offices b and c. The company uses the latest version of (IP) internet protocol like IPv6 but the network between offices B and C supports IPv4. So, by encapsulating IPv6 in IPv4 the company can use IPv6 to send data between the offices. Encapsulation is very important for network connections. In encryption, the data is scrambled and it can be descrambled by the specific key this undoing process is called decryption. If the header is also encrypted then the network routers not being able to transfer the data forward because they cannot see the header and do not know the encryption key. But encapsulated in the encrypted packet is an encrypted packet it can transfer across the network.
Application:
Many protocols use a public network to transfer data by using a VPN (Virtual Private Network) to make data secure specifically using encrypted data. For specific tunneling, these protocols are designed.
These are some examples of how tunneling protocol is used:
- The foreign protocol is not supported to run, tunneling protocol run IP-v6 over IP-v4.
- When the cooperating network does not include the user’s physical address so tunneling is also used to transfer unstable network service to a distant area.
- By using an unblocked protocol such as HTTP and the ‘wrapping’ technique it allows the users to all over firewalls.
See less