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Which Two Statements Are True About Ntp Servers In An Enterprise Network? (Choose Two.)
Which two statements are true about NTP servers in an enterprise network? (Choose two.) On the debugging and login data, NTP servers make sure to have an accurate time stamp. It can manage the mean time between failures of the network devices. At stratum 1 the NTP server has the direct connection toRead more
Which two statements are true about NTP servers in an enterprise network? (Choose two.)
Answer: The statements which are true about an NTP server are on the debugging and login data NTP servers make sure to have the accurate time stamp and At stratum 1 the NTP server has the direct connection to the authoritative time source.
Network time protocol (NTP) is the protocol of the internet that is used for synchronization with the computer clock time source in the network.it is associated with the oldest TCP/IP suite.it belongs to the protocol and the client-server program in the systems. NTP working as described in the following that includes three parts:
The clock is updated after 10 minutes once the synchronization is done and mostly needs the single exchange of messages as compared to the client-server synchronization. at port 123 the transaction occurs through the User Datagram Protocol. NTP allowed the peer computer system synchronization. We can use NTP for the various purpose some of them are:
- On the network, the security process is based on consistency in timekeeping.
- The updates in the file system occur on a different computer also based on the synchronized time clock.
See lessWhich Distinct Type Of Vlan Is Used By An Administrator To Access And Configure A Switch?
Which distinct type of VLAN is used by an administrator to access and configure a switch? Port-based VLAN. Management VLAN. Protocol VLAN. MAC-based VLAN. Answer: VLAN type which is used by the administrator for the access and configuration of the switch is the management VLAN. Port-based work to foRead more
Which distinct type of VLAN is used by an administrator to access and configure a switch?
Answer: VLAN type which is used by the administrator for the access and configuration of the switch is the management VLAN. Port-based work to form the group of the local area network. The traffic on the base of the protocol is processed through the protocol-based VLAN. The MAC-based VLAN work by permitting the incoming packets that are not tagged.
Management VLAN work by developing the connection of IP with the switches located at the workstations which are connected to a VLAN port. The connection helps in the VSM, SNMP, and Telnet sessions. You are also allowed to assign any VLAN as the management VLAN with the help of the VLAN window but by default, the VLAN 1 is the management VLAN. The active VLAN number is only 1. The HTTP connection will lose when the new management VLAN is specified. to establish the new connection you must have the connection in the management station and the new VLAN management port. The steps to change the management plan are listed in the following:
The management VLAN is not changed on Catalyst 2900 switches instead VLAN 1 have the management VLAN for such kind of switches. With the help of CLI, any management VLAN is removed except VLAN 1.
See lessIn Which Location Are The Normal Range Vlans Stored On A Cisco Switch By Default?
In which location are the normal range VLANs stored on a Cisco switch by default? ROM. Flash memory. Start-config. Setup-config. Answer: The place where the normal range VLANs stored on a Cisco switch by default are in the file known as vlan.dat, which exists in the flash memory. VLAN has a databaseRead more
In which location are the normal range VLANs stored on a Cisco switch by default?
Answer: The place where the normal range VLANs stored on a Cisco switch by default are in the file known as vlan.dat, which exists in the flash memory.
VLAN has a database in which the data stores like the VLAN ID, name, etc. local vlan.dat file is known as the default VLAN database location which is stored in the non-volatile memory or flash memory. The VLAN ID number 1 to 1005 configuration occurs in the vlan.dat and you can show them by typing the show VLAN privileged command in the command prompt. Normally the vlan.dat is stored in the flash but if the VTP mode is transparent it is also stored in the switch running-config.
To add or remove the ports from VLANs the interface configuration mode Is used which defines the port membership mode as well. All the commands results are written in the running configuration file. The steps to the switch configuration during the storage of VLAN and VTP data are listed in the following:
- The VLAN database is not considered when the VTP is in the transparent mode in the startup configuration, and also the VLAN and VTP domains from the database of the VLAN match within the startup configuration, and the configurator of the VLAN and VTP is used in the configuration file. While the revision number in the database remains unchanged.
- In case the domain names in the configuration file are not the same as the VLAN database, then the domain name, the VTP mode, and the VLAN ID 1 TO 1005 configurations use the data of the VLAN database.
- Versions 1 and 2 of the VTP, if the mode is server, then the configuration of IDs 1 to 1005 and the domains use the VLAN DB. data, while version 3 of VTP assist the VLANs 1006 to 4095 IDs.
See lessWhat Field Content Is Used By Icmpv6 To Determine That A Packet Has Expired?
What field content is used by ICMPv6 to determine that a packet has expired? Hop limit field. filed ID. SLC filed. Time exceeds filed. Answer: The ICMPv6 works by sending the time Exceeded in case the router is not able to forward the IPV6 packets and the reason might be the expiration of the packetRead more
What field content is used by ICMPv6 to determine that a packet has expired?
Answer: The ICMPv6 works by sending the time Exceeded in case the router is not able to forward the IPV6 packets and the reason might be the expiration of the packets. The file which is used by ICMPv6 to find if the packet s expired is the hop limit filed.
You are well aware of the IPv4, ICMP (internet control message protocol) for it might be a good option because it provides important data about the network health, etc. ICMPv6 works with the IPv6, it gives the report in which the error is listed as if the packet process is not complete and also sends the message of the network status.
Consider if the router didn’t send the packets forward because of their size which makes it difficult to send on other networks, then the ICMP message is sent to the source host. The host process the ICMP message to check the adjustable size of the packet and resend the information. Another function of the ICMP is diagnostic, like the well-known ping which uses the Echo request and replies to check the node availability.
As compared to the ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 is much better because it has new features and functions, such as the IGMP (internet group, management protocol) whose work is to maintain the membership of the multicast group with the IPV4.
Ip work is to move the data from node to node, but for efficient work, another feature includes whose work is error report, router discovery, etc, while In IPv6 all of these functions are carried out by ICMPv6.ICMPv6 gives the framework for MLD (multicast listener discovery) and neighbor discovery. There are two types of ICMPv6 message format:
- ICMP error message.
- ICMP informational message.
See lessWhat Is A Disadvantage Of Using Router-On-A-Stick Inter-Vlan Routing?
What is the disadvantage of using router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing? the VLAN-tagged packets have no support from it. Instead of using the legacy inter-VLAN routing, it uses the physical interface. To function as an access link, you must use multiple router configuration interfaces. Beyond 50 VLARead more
What is the disadvantage of using router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing?
Answer: The main disadvantage of using router-on-stick inter-VLAN is that beyond 50 VLANs it does not scale. The router gets VLAN-tagged packets and transfers the VLAN-tagged packets to the destination.it can use a single router interface like the trunk link to obtain and move the VLAN traffic and does not need multiple interfaces.
The switches divide the broadcast domain with the help of the VLAN, they are not able to transfer the packets by themselves across the VLAN. To make the communication among the VLAN we need the inter VLAN Routing.
Inter VLAN routing is the method to make different communication among different VLANs regardless of VLANs location (on the same switch or different) .it is accessible with a 3-layer device like the router or layer-3 switch. The whole process when the inter VLAN routing occurs through the router is referred to as the router-on-stick. The router interface is divided into sub-interfaces and functions as the default gateway of the corresponding VLANs.
Let’s take a look at the example, a topology with the router, switches, and end-host and two VLANs are formed on the switch, and there are two sub-interfaces of the router, that will act as the gateway. The router handles routing between VLANs which in turn helps the VLANs in communications. First, allocate the IP addresses to both the PC and server as for PC1 it is 192.168.1.10/24, Server 192.168.1.20/24, and IP address 192.168.2.10/24 is assigned to PC2. On a port, the sub-interfaces are formed of fa0/0 as fa0/0.1 and fa0/0.2 after it the sub-interfaces are created and, on the routers, ports the IP addresses are assigned as 192.168.1.1/24 and 192.168.2.1/24
r1# int fa0/0.1
r1# encapsulation dot1q 2
r1# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
r1# int fa0/0.2
r1# encapsulation dot1q 3
r1# ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
See lessWhat Does The Term “Port Density” Represent For An Ethernet Switch?
What does the term “port density” represent for an Ethernet switch? These are the host numbers that are connected with each port. Each port speeds. At each port, it is the assigned memory space. The available port numbers. Answer: In a switch, the at-hand or available port numbers are known as theRead more
What does the term “port density” represent for an Ethernet switch?
Answer: In a switch, the at-hand or available port numbers are known as the port density. Almost 48 ports are present in the one rack unit access switch, and hundreds of ports are present in the larger switches.
In most Ethernet switches the essential element is the data networks. Though the network switches at least one of the standards of communication. The switches may vary in size it can be either small-large, if the switch goes down the larger network is known to fail.it shows the essential network switch nature and the ethernet is in the network. in the industry the switches have a role, normally these kinds of switches are costly and they are used at a specific place.
Ethernet switches can connect different devices when they are on the same network. On the network, the nodes have these types of devices: computers, printers. wireless connection etc. The switches give access to the devices which have a connection to share the data among each other and talk.
Network switches are deficient devices that allow the data routed in the needed way which helps in the correct route of the frames from a source to the destination. They can communicate with the MAC addresses of the connected devices, and this information is helpful in the identification of the devices on the ports. This is the way that prevents the flooding of unnecessary data and allows to sending of the data frames to the allowed ports. The switches also assigned the bandwidth to the ports, and regardless of the devices working the user has the bandwidth to work properly.
See lessWhat Are Three Primary Benefits Of Using Vlans?
What are the three primary benefits of using VLANs? It is more secure. Cost-effective. Less in the number of trunk links. Better efficiency of the IT employee. Satisfaction for the end-users. There is no need for the configuration. Answer: The VLAN is secure, cost-effective, and have better efficiRead more
What are the three primary benefits of using VLANs?
Answer: The VLAN is secure, cost-effective, and have better efficiency for the IT employee and some other such as better performance, broadcast storm mitigation, easy project, and application maintenance. The end-user has no interaction with the VLAN and VLAN does need the configuration. The VLANs are allocated to an access port, and that’s why there is no need to lessen the trunk link number.
The benefit of using VLANs:
VLANs have various benefits which are helpful in most the situation and some of them are described in the following sections:
- VLANs allow the logical end-stations groups which are scattered on the network. If the VLAN is in a different place but performs the same function, then the end-stations of the users do not need to reconfigure. Same as if the user changes the function, and there is no need to physically move, then change the VLAN of the end-station to the new make the end-station local to the new teams.
- To have the broadcast traffic the VLAN lessens the need to implement the router on a network. The packet flooding is limited to that kind of port related to the VLAN.
- The detention of the broadcast domain will reduce the traffic on the network’s detention making the VLAN end-station prevent form containing and listening to the broadcast which is not related to them. However, if there is no connection among the VLANs, then the VLAN end-stations have no connection with the other VLANs station.
- For the IT staff who are managing the bugs, problems in the VLAN become easy to solve.
See lessWhat Feature On Some Network Switches Can Be Used To Detect Faked Arp Messages?
What feature on some network switches can be used to detect faked Arp messages? DAI (dynamic ARP inspection). ARP cache poisoning. Packet inspection. Session management. Answer: Dynamic ARP inspection is the network switches features that can be used to detect the faked ARP messages. The Dynamic ARPRead more
What feature on some network switches can be used to detect faked Arp messages?
Answer: Dynamic ARP inspection is the network switches features that can be used to detect the faked ARP messages.
The Dynamic ARP inspection is the security function whose work is to remove the ARP packets that are invalid and suspicious. Its work is to keeps the man-in-the-middle attacks class, a place in which the station may interrupt the traffic of another station with the process of the poison of the neighbor ARP cache which is considered trustworthy. An ARP request or response mapping is sent by the lawbreaker to map another station’s IP address to its physical address (MAC address).
The DHCP snooping helps the DAI, as it listens to the DHCP message exchange and creates the valid tuple (MAC, IP address, VLAN interface) database. In the database of the DHCP snooping if the physical address and the IP address of the sender do not match, during the disable DAI, the ARP packets are dropped by the switch. Moreover, it can be resolved with the help of static mappings.it is essential when the static IP address is configured by the host and the switches do not run the DAI and the DHCP snooping also not running. On VLAN the static mapping associates the IP address to the physical address (MAC address).
The configuration of the DAI, the switch port has to be under the VLAN 100. the command to enable the DAI on VLAN 100 is:
Switch#conf t
Switch(config)#ip arp inspection vlan 100
The command to verify the number of dropped packets is:
Switch#show ip arp inspection
The DAI works in switch CPU as compared to the switch ASCI, the overutilization of the CPU in the switch helps the hackers to create ARP messages in a large number, and it is prevented by minimizing the DAI message rate.
See lessTypically Pga Sockets Give Better Contact Than Lga Sockets
Typically, PGA sockets give better contact than LGA sockets. Answer: No, the PGA socket does not give better contact than the LGA socket. in the CPU market, two companies AMD and Intel are leading and the main factor of their comparison is the CPU socket type, the PGA (Pin Grid Away) and LGA (Land GRead more
Typically, PGA sockets give better contact than LGA sockets.
Answer: No, the PGA socket does not give better contact than the LGA socket. in the CPU market, two companies AMD and Intel are leading and the main factor of their comparison is the CPU socket type, the PGA (Pin Grid Away) and LGA (Land Grid Away).
Let’s take a look at the difference between the PGA and LGA their description, pros, and cons in the section below:
PGA (Pin Grid Away):
PGA is the socket type used by the AMD after the G34 socket in 2010.PGA represents the way, the motherboard socket contains the grid of holes and the processor contains the pins which is a match to those holes.it is the main reason for the difference between the processors of Intel and AMD and the motherboard is configured separately.it is also known as the zero-insertion force socket which means the CPU is capable to drop in without any kind of pressure.
Pros of the PGA socket:
The advantage of the PGA socket is listed below:
LGA (Land Grid Away):
LGA is used by the Intel company for almost more than one decade, the name is derived from the method used by Intel for the connection of the socket and the processors. It is different from the PGA, the pins are present on the Socket, patched with the motherboard. While the equal contact pads exist on the CPU to establish the connection.
Pros of the LGA sockets:
Some of the LGA socket advantages are described below:
- The chance of the processor being damaged by human error is less because it has no fragile pins.
- It has a sturdy CPU.
- It has small size pins that make the space for more pins. Simply put it has the efficient space for the pins.
See lessWhat Happens If The First Packet Of A Tftp Transfer Is Lost?
What happens if the first packet of a TFTP transfer is lost? For the response the client has t wait for a long time. If the reply is not obtained the application of TFTP will try again for the request. In case of late or not obtaining the reply, the transport layer will try the query for another timRead more
What happens if the first packet of a TFTP transfer is lost?
Answer: The User datagram protocol is used for query, so the TFTP can deploy the reliability in case of need.
Trivial File Transfer Protocol is the protocol for files transfer. The UDP protocol helps TFTP with the data transfer from one end to the other. The TFTP can read and write a file in and out of the remote server. in the infrastructure of the network and client-server model, the file transfer is useful technology.
Unlike the FTP, TFTP is simple in infrastructure and the features are also limited. During the transfer of files, it offers no authentication and security, and that is the reason mostly it transfers the boot or configuration file in the local setup among the machines.it is less used in the computer network, and the security lack makes it harmful on the internet.
TFTP uses less memory space and is deployed easily, that’s why it is useful for boot computers and machines because they have no storage device or hard disk.in the preboot execution environment, it is the essential network boot protocol factor. Through the help of port 69, the start of the TFTP data transfer begins. During the start of the connection, the ports from the data transfer are selected by the user (sender and receiver).it uses the client-server software to establish the connection between two devices, the files are uploaded on the server, and then the client requests the files from it.
See less