At What Layer Of The Osi Model Do The Ip, Icmp, And Arp Protocols Operate?

At What Layer Of The Osi Model Do The Ip, Icmp, And Arp Protocols Operate?

At the network layer of the OSI model, the IP, ICMP, and ARP protocols are operated. Today, let us discuss the network layer of the OSI model and the Ip, Icmp, and arp protocols. Normally, there are three protocols that help the network layer of the protocol. They are, internet protocol version four(Ipv4), Internet control message protocol(Icmp),Internet group management protocol(IGMP).

The internet protocol is mainly used for the packetizing, forwarding, and delivering of the packet. These are the three functions that the internet protocol will look into.

Another type is called the internet control message protocol. This protocol will handle all the errors in it. When we are going to deliver the packets to the destination address, we will encounter some of the errors.

The other one is the Internet group management protocol. This protocol will mainly help in multicasting.

As we discussed earlier, at the network layer of the protocol, we have IGMP, ICMP is placed at the top. The Internet protocol and the ARP are placed at the bottom. The ARP mostly helps in resolving the link-layer addressing. It can map the link-layer addresses to the Internet protocol.

The Internet protocol is an unreliable datagram protocol. Simply it is similar to the post office delivery. Here when we post a letter to the destination address, the sender will not be known whether the letter reached the destination address or not. In the same way, the internet protocol is also an unreliable protocol, which means the sender doesn’t know whether the packet has reached the destination address or not.

To resolve this issue when we deliver the IP protocol with the TCP protocol, then we can easily deliver the issues. The IP is also called the connectionless protocol.

The other one is the ICMP protocol which is the internet control message protocol. The primary function of this ICMP protocol is to detect the errors, which means whenever the two devices are connected over the internet, the ICMP will generate the errors in order to share those with the ending of the devices. This is also used for network diagnostics. It is also divided into two fields like the traceroute and the ping.

The other one is ARP. Its stands for address resolution protocol. The ARP is used to resolve the Ip addresses to the mac address. Here the mac address is nothing but the physical address of the device. It is a unique number that we will assign to every network card interface. For example, when a device wants to communicate with the other device on a local area network. For this, we need a mac address for that device. So for this purpose, the devices will use the address resolution protocol in order to acquire the mac address.

For example, when computer A wants to communicate with computer B. If computer A knows the Ip address for computer B, but to communicate with computer B we still need the mac address. Hence, the address resolution protocol is used.